Italy’s Casu Marzu: The Cheese Infested with Live Maggots
Casu Marzu is a unique Italian cheese that pushes the boundaries of culinary norms. Known for its distinctive preparation and flavor, this cheese can harbor thousands of live maggots. If the maggots die, the cheese can become harmful and even toxic.
Casu Marzu, which translates to “rotten cheese,” is a Sardinian delicacy not for the faint-hearted. This specialty cheese is far from ordinary, as it is intentionally infested with maggots during its aging process. The cheese’s distinct characteristics make it a standout in the world of cheese.
How is Casu Marzu Made?
Casu Marzu begins with Pecorino Sardo, a traditional cheese from Sardinia. The process starts by soaking Pecorino Sardo in brine, smoking it, and aging it in cellars. To create Casu Marzu, the top of the Pecorino Sardo is cut open to allow cheese flies (Piophila casei) to lay their eggs inside.
As the eggs hatch and larvae develop, they feed on the cheese, breaking it down with enzymes that enhance its fermentation and fat content. This results in Casu Marzu’s soft, spreadable texture. Occasionally, to speed up the process, the cheese is intentionally cut and infested with larvae.
The Taste of Casu Marzu
Casu Marzu is renowned in Sardinia for its ultra-soft texture and intensely spicy flavor. Some describe it as having a taste similar to aged Gorgonzola, but with the added twist of live maggots. Just a small piece of Casu Marzu can contain hundreds of wriggling larvae.
Is Casu Marzu Dangerous?
Casu Marzu is considered illegal under European Union hygiene regulations and is banned in Italy. It cannot be sold in stores due to health concerns. Reports of allergic reactions, such as severe skin irritation, and risks of intestinal diseases or parasitic infections have raised significant health warnings.
There is a risk that the cheese larvae might survive the stomach’s acidic environment, potentially causing serious health issues if they migrate to the intestines. Symptoms can include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and even bloody diarrhea.
Despite these warnings, Sardinians have enjoyed Casu Marzu for centuries, considering it a traditional delicacy. It is often served at special occasions like birthdays, bachelor parties, and weddings, embodying a unique aspect of Sardinian culinary heritage.
